new hybrid mode found

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By hit9918

Prophet (2932)

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27-02-2012, 12:03

Wow I didn't know the 9918 got character masking in VDP(3)!

VDP(3) = VDP(3) XOR 16 is snipping each charset down to halve a charset. So when using the chars 128-255, by enabling the mask register, 0-127 are shown.

This is charset switching / doublebuffering without writing the nametable!

Pippols, Malaika, dviks gng, I guess they all work by ADDing values to the chars and then write to the nametable.

Can replace this by a simple copy loop and do the switching with the mask register. Going further, you can spread the nametable workload across 8 scrollsteps. Like on C64 or on 9938. Getting rid of most of that 768 bytes workload.

And character masking does not affect the sprites! Heaven! LOL!

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By hit9918

Prophet (2932)

hit9918's picture

27-02-2012, 12:22

bluemsx and openmsx do character masking wrong Sad

Those bits are just simply a mask operation on the "ascii" values of nametable entries.
VDP(3) = VDP(3) XOR 16 masks the highest bit of the "ascii".

I got this from this cool TI99 users video, nicely describing the effect: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XJljSJqzDR0

I checked on Hit Bit 75 with 9929 PAL, it works like the TI99 in the video.
Like the video shows at 12:05 - character masking got no effect on the sprites.

I would never have expected that I would ever learn something totaly new about the 9918!
I think the feature is underrated because it is not clear how this enables switching between charsets.
e.g. when the "ascii" values always got top 3 bits set, then with the mask register you can switch between 8 charsets a 32 chars.

Here is a test app.

It got nametable contents different than the video to make clear that this time the mask is not about the scanline Y value but about the ascii value. Hit a key to switch to the other halve of the charset.

10 SCREEN 2,2
20 SPRITE $(0)="ldscktjhklstcdhpxksjdhksjhdskjhskjhsd"
30 FOR I = 0 TO 31
40 PUT SPRITE I,(I*8, I*5),I AND 15,0
50 NEXT
60 ON STRIG GOSUB 200
70 STRIG(0) ON
80 OPEN "grp:" AS #1
90 FOR I = 0 TO 2
100 LINE (255,I*64+63)-(0,I*64),I,BF : PRESET(0,I*64),I
110 FOR C = 0 TO 255 : PRINT#1,CHR$(C); : NEXT
120 NEXT
130 FOR I = 0 TO 127
140 VPOKE(6144+I),I+128
150 VPOKE(6144+I+256),I+128
160 VPOKE(6144+I+512),I+128
170 NEXT
180 GOSUB 200
190 GOTO 190
200 VDP(3) = VDP(3) XOR 16
210 RETURN

By Wolverine_nl

Paragon (1160)

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27-02-2012, 15:03

Gonna test this lateron at home, I am curious now Wink

By hap

Paragon (2043)

hap's picture

27-02-2012, 16:58

That's pretty cool! =)
Does it work on V9938 too?

By MäSäXi

Paragon (1884)

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27-02-2012, 17:37

about video: wow..... some sprites look like they are going behind the background....!

By hap

Paragon (2043)

hap's picture

05-03-2012, 22:56

I tried your test on a TMS9129, and it didn't mask characters, just the colors.
I suppose this issue only happens on TMS99xx chips then.

By Maggoo

Paragon (1218)

Maggoo's picture

08-03-2012, 16:21

Just a bit off topics: Should'nt  that type of information be part of the WIKI on programming and/or on the VDP ?

There are a number of other VDP "tricks" we could document that way and make it an easy reference for programmers.
I think one WIKI topic covering the "undocumented" or "hybrid" modes of the different VDPs would be a good addition.

By Wolverine_nl

Paragon (1160)

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08-03-2012, 16:24

@ Maggoo:
This may or may not count for every systemconfig. So to put it in Wiki, it should be 100% clear how this works and in what circumstance.

By Maggoo

Paragon (1218)

Maggoo's picture

08-03-2012, 16:35

Agreed, this still requires investigation but the WIKI can also provide a compatibility Matrix with the different types of VDP.

By Wolverine_nl

Paragon (1160)

Wolverine_nl's picture

08-03-2012, 16:47

I agree on that 100% facts on vdp , registers and such could be in the wiki. 
But what are the boundries for the wiki?

By Maggoo

Paragon (1218)

Maggoo's picture

08-03-2012, 17:21

Not sure, it can be started and see what information comes in and then clean it up as needed.

But it would be nice to have a page for undocumented features of the TMS, V9938 (I'm thinking Overscan mode, Screen 4 with one tile set etc...), V9958 and perhaps even V9990 ?

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